What is a varicose vein specialist called : If you are suffering from severe varicose veins, you must know first what is a varicose vein specialist called. People with severe varicose may need surgery that should be performed only by a vein specialist or vascular surgeon. A vascular surgeon is a doctor who is proficient in treating vein disorders in the whole body except the brain and the heart. He may perform a physical examination to diagnose and treat the vein disease effectively and efficiently.